Humanity: Created in God's Image, Fallen in Sin, Accountable Before God, and in Need of Redemption

Authors

  • Sixbert SANGWA Office of the President, Open Christian University, Sacramento, United States Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.65655/openchristianpress.126

Keywords:

Biblical anthropology, image of God, doctrine of humanity, original sin, fall of humanity, human dignity, redemption in Christ

Abstract

This chapter presents a biblical doctrine of humanity under the authority of Scripture alone. It teaches that human beings were directly created by God, made male and female, formed in His image and likeness, and entrusted with dignity, worship, moral responsibility, relational life, and dominion stewardship under His rule. Humanity is therefore neither an accident of impersonal forces, nor a self-created identity, nor a divine spark trapped in matter, nor a machine to be optimized by technocratic systems. Scripture also teaches that humanity fell into sin through Adam's disobedience. Sin corrupted human nature, brought guilt, shame, alienation, death, moral disorder, spiritual blindness, social fragmentation, and bondage. Every person personally sins and stands accountable before the holy Creator. Yet the image of God, though marred by sin, is not erased; therefore every human life retains God-given dignity. The chapter explains creation, the image of God, embodied male and female identity, marriage and family, vocation, work, stewardship, the unity and diversity of the human race, the fall, original sin, personal sin, total depravity understood carefully, conscience, reason, and human responsibility. It also addresses contemporary distortions, including secular humanism, evolutionary naturalism, gender ideology, technocratic reductionism, transhumanism, AI personhood debates, abortion, euthanasia, eugenics, pornography, consumerism, identity politics, racial manipulation, and New Age claims of inner divinity. Finally, it points to Jesus Christ as the true image, the last Adam, the obedient Son, and the only Redeemer through whom fallen humanity may be fully restored, judged rightly, raised bodily, and brought into the new creation.

References

Augustine. (1998). The city of God against the pagans (R. W. Dyson, Ed. & Trans.). Cambridge University Press. (Original work published ca. 426). https://archive.org/details/cityofgodagainst0000augu_p2b5

Bavinck, H. (2006). Reformed dogmatics: Sin and salvation in Christ (Vol. 3; J. Vriend, Trans.; J. Bolt, Ed.). Baker Academic. https://www.amazon.com/Reformed-Dogmatics-Vol-Salvation-Christ/dp/0801026563

Blocher, H. (1997). Original sin: Illuminating the riddle. Eerdmans. https://www.amazon.com/Original-Sin-Illuminating-Biblical-Theology/dp/083082605X

Bray, G. (2012). God is love: A biblical and systematic theology. Crossway. https://www.amazon.com/God-Love-Biblical-Systematic-Theology/dp/1433522691

Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2026). Transhumanism. https://www.britannica.com/topic/transhumanism

Hoekema, A. A. (1986). Created in God's image. Eerdmans. https://www.amazon.com/Created-Gods-Image-Anthony-Hoekema/dp/0802808506

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (n.d.). Ethics of artificial intelligence. https://iep.utm.edu/ethics-of-artificial-intelligence/

Lewis, C. S. (2001). The abolition of man. HarperOne. (Original work published 1943). https://www.amazon.com/Abolition-Man-C-S-Lewis/dp/0060652942

Middleton, J. R. (2005). The liberating image: The imago Dei in Genesis 1. Brazos Press.

Moo, D. J. (2018). The letter to the Romans (2nd ed.). Eerdmans. https://www.amazon.com/Letter-Romans-International-Commentary-Testament/dp/0802871216

Sangwa, S. (2024). Created for a purpose: What does faith tell us about our journey as humans? Open Christian Education. https://learn.openchristian.education/blog/sangwa/humanity

Sangwa, S. (2024, March 23). Are New Age ideologies leading Christians away from God's truth? Internet Archive. https://archive.org/details/are-new-age-ideologies-leading-christians-away-from-gods-truth

Sangwa, S. (2026, February 26). Scientism, the Beast, and the eclipse of the Holy Spirit: A Sola Scriptura warning for the twenty-first century. Open Christian Education. https://learn.openchristian.education/blog/sangwa/scientism-the-beast-and-the-eclipse-of-the-holy-spirit-a-sola-scriptura-warning-for-the-twenty-first-century

UNESCO. (2022). Recommendation on the ethics of artificial intelligence. https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/recommendation-ethics-artificial-intelligence

Wright, C. J. H. (2004). Old Testament ethics for the people of God. InterVarsity Press. https://archive.org/details/oldtestamentethi0000wrig

Downloads

Published

2026-05-27

How to Cite

SANGWA, S. (2026). Humanity: Created in God’s Image, Fallen in Sin, Accountable Before God, and in Need of Redemption. Open Journal of Science, Philosophy & Theology (ISSN: 3105-3041), 2(3). https://doi.org/10.65655/openchristianpress.126

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 3 4 > >>